Mediterranean Sharks: A People in Peril?

To date, 51 species of sharks have been recorded in the Mediterranean. This large family, ranging from the small dogfish to the imposing great white shark, is facing an alarming decline in its populations. However, research teams are committed to better understanding and protecting these marine predators essential to the balance of our ecosystems.

A Large Family Widely Threatened

Mediterranean sharks, although present in many seas and oceans, are all currently endangered to varying degrees. Matthieu Lapinski, head of the AILERONS association, sheds light on the threats facing these species crucial to the marine ecosystem. 

Most Mediterranean sharks are endangered. Some are threatened by the depletion of their habitat, others by fishing still practiced in certain areas, or by bycatch. Matthieu Lapinski emphasizes: “Today, the conservation status of sharks (and rays) in the Mediterranean is generally unfavorable. The latest IUCN Red List indicates that 53% of species are threatened with extinction.” About 20% of species are so rare that they are classified as « Data Deficient. » 

Great sharks have seen their populations collapse by more than 90% in the Mediterranean. Species such as the mako shark, great white shark, and common hammerhead are particularly affected. Matthieu clarifies: “If these species are threatened, it does not mean they are protected.”

Unequally Protected Species

Various international, European, and national laws aim to protect endangered species and regulate fishing practices. The Barcelona Convention, for example, lists threatened species such as the common angel shark (Squatina squatina) and the great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias).